Integrand size = 27, antiderivative size = 149 \[ \int \frac {\csc (c+d x) \sec ^4(c+d x)}{(a+a \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=-\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^2 d}+\frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a^2 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^2 d}+\frac {\sec ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^2 d}+\frac {2 \sec ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan (c+d x)}{a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^3(c+d x)}{a^2 d}-\frac {6 \tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d} \]
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Time = 0.21 (sec) , antiderivative size = 149, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 11, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.296, Rules used = {2954, 2952, 3852, 2702, 308, 213, 2686, 30} \[ \int \frac {\csc (c+d x) \sec ^4(c+d x)}{(a+a \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=-\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d}-\frac {6 \tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^3(c+d x)}{a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan (c+d x)}{a^2 d}+\frac {2 \sec ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d}+\frac {\sec ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^2 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^2 d}+\frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a^2 d} \]
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Rule 30
Rule 213
Rule 308
Rule 2686
Rule 2702
Rule 2952
Rule 2954
Rule 3852
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\int \csc (c+d x) \sec ^8(c+d x) (a-a \sin (c+d x))^2 \, dx}{a^4} \\ & = \frac {\int \left (-2 a^2 \sec ^8(c+d x)+a^2 \csc (c+d x) \sec ^8(c+d x)+a^2 \sec ^7(c+d x) \tan (c+d x)\right ) \, dx}{a^4} \\ & = \frac {\int \csc (c+d x) \sec ^8(c+d x) \, dx}{a^2}+\frac {\int \sec ^7(c+d x) \tan (c+d x) \, dx}{a^2}-\frac {2 \int \sec ^8(c+d x) \, dx}{a^2} \\ & = \frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int x^6 \, dx,x,\sec (c+d x)\right )}{a^2 d}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^8}{-1+x^2} \, dx,x,\sec (c+d x)\right )}{a^2 d}+\frac {2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (1+3 x^2+3 x^4+x^6\right ) \, dx,x,-\tan (c+d x)\right )}{a^2 d} \\ & = \frac {\sec ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan (c+d x)}{a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^3(c+d x)}{a^2 d}-\frac {6 \tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \left (1+x^2+x^4+x^6+\frac {1}{-1+x^2}\right ) \, dx,x,\sec (c+d x)\right )}{a^2 d} \\ & = \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a^2 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^2 d}+\frac {\sec ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^2 d}+\frac {2 \sec ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan (c+d x)}{a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^3(c+d x)}{a^2 d}-\frac {6 \tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1+x^2} \, dx,x,\sec (c+d x)\right )}{a^2 d} \\ & = -\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^2 d}+\frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a^2 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^2 d}+\frac {\sec ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^2 d}+\frac {2 \sec ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan (c+d x)}{a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^3(c+d x)}{a^2 d}-\frac {6 \tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^2 d}-\frac {2 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^2 d} \\ \end{align*}
Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(352\) vs. \(2(149)=298\).
Time = 1.05 (sec) , antiderivative size = 352, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.36 \[ \int \frac {\csc (c+d x) \sec ^4(c+d x)}{(a+a \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=\frac {6216+5312 \cos (2 (c+d x))-1677 \cos (3 (c+d x))+696 \cos (4 (c+d x))+559 \cos (5 (c+d x))-1260 \cos (3 (c+d x)) \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )+420 \cos (5 (c+d x)) \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )-14 \cos (c+d x) \left (559+420 \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )-420 \log \left (\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )\right )+1260 \cos (3 (c+d x)) \log \left (\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )-420 \cos (5 (c+d x)) \log \left (\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )+2464 \sin (c+d x)-4472 \sin (2 (c+d x))-3360 \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right ) \sin (2 (c+d x))+3360 \log \left (\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right ) \sin (2 (c+d x))+2208 \sin (3 (c+d x))-2236 \sin (4 (c+d x))-1680 \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right ) \sin (4 (c+d x))+1680 \log \left (\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right ) \sin (4 (c+d x))+384 \sin (5 (c+d x))}{6720 a^2 d \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )-\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )^3 \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )^7} \]
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Time = 0.90 (sec) , antiderivative size = 169, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.13
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {-\frac {1}{12 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{3}}-\frac {1}{8 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{2}}-\frac {1}{2 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}+\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )+\frac {4}{7 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{7}}-\frac {2}{\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{6}}+\frac {22}{5 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{5}}-\frac {6}{\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{4}}+\frac {79}{12 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{3}}-\frac {39}{8 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{2}}+\frac {9}{2 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}}{d \,a^{2}}\) | \(169\) |
default | \(\frac {-\frac {1}{12 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{3}}-\frac {1}{8 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{2}}-\frac {1}{2 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}+\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )+\frac {4}{7 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{7}}-\frac {2}{\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{6}}+\frac {22}{5 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{5}}-\frac {6}{\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{4}}+\frac {79}{12 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{3}}-\frac {39}{8 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{2}}+\frac {9}{2 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}}{d \,a^{2}}\) | \(169\) |
risch | \(\frac {8 i {\mathrm e}^{8 i \left (d x +c \right )}+2 \,{\mathrm e}^{9 i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {56 i {\mathrm e}^{6 i \left (d x +c \right )}}{3}-\frac {16 \,{\mathrm e}^{7 i \left (d x +c \right )}}{3}+\frac {104 i {\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (d x +c \right )}}{15}-\frac {148 \,{\mathrm e}^{5 i \left (d x +c \right )}}{5}-\frac {88 i {\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}}{35}-\frac {2096 \,{\mathrm e}^{3 i \left (d x +c \right )}}{105}-\frac {64 i}{35}-\frac {186 \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}}{35}}{\left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+i\right )^{7} \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-i\right )^{3} d \,a^{2}}+\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-1\right )}{d \,a^{2}}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+1\right )}{d \,a^{2}}\) | \(183\) |
parallelrisch | \(\frac {105 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{3} \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{7} \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )+420 \left (\tan ^{9}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )+630 \left (\tan ^{8}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-840 \left (\tan ^{7}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-2940 \left (\tan ^{6}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-1008 \left (\tan ^{5}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )+2408 \left (\tan ^{4}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )+2216 \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-516 \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-1108 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-382}{105 d \,a^{2} \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{3} \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{7}}\) | \(190\) |
norman | \(\frac {-\frac {48 \left (\tan ^{5}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{5 d a}-\frac {277}{105 a d}-\frac {\tan ^{10}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{d a}-\frac {14 \left (\tan ^{6}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{d a}+\frac {3 \left (\tan ^{8}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{d a}-\frac {67 \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{35 d a}+\frac {134 \left (\tan ^{4}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{15 d a}-\frac {688 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{105 d a}+\frac {1376 \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{105 d a}}{a \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{7} \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{3}}+\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{d \,a^{2}}\) | \(208\) |
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Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 200, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.34 \[ \int \frac {\csc (c+d x) \sec ^4(c+d x)}{(a+a \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=-\frac {174 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 158 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 105 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{5} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3}\right )} \log \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) - 105 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{5} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3}\right )} \log \left (-\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) + 4 \, {\left (48 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 33 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 5\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 50}{210 \, {\left (a^{2} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{5} - 2 \, a^{2} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 2 \, a^{2} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3}\right )}} \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\csc (c+d x) \sec ^4(c+d x)}{(a+a \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 422 vs. \(2 (139) = 278\).
Time = 0.23 (sec) , antiderivative size = 422, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.83 \[ \int \frac {\csc (c+d x) \sec ^4(c+d x)}{(a+a \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=\frac {\frac {2 \, {\left (\frac {554 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} + \frac {258 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{2}} - \frac {1108 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{3}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{3}} - \frac {1204 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{4}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{4}} + \frac {504 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{5}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{5}} + \frac {1470 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{6}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{6}} + \frac {420 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{7}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{7}} - \frac {315 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{8}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{8}} - \frac {210 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{9}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{9}} + 191\right )}}{a^{2} + \frac {4 \, a^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} + \frac {3 \, a^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{2}} - \frac {8 \, a^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{3}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{3}} - \frac {14 \, a^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{4}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{4}} + \frac {14 \, a^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{6}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{6}} + \frac {8 \, a^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{7}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{7}} - \frac {3 \, a^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{8}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{8}} - \frac {4 \, a^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{9}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{9}} - \frac {a^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{10}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{10}}} + \frac {105 \, \log \left (\frac {\sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1}\right )}{a^{2}}}{105 \, d} \]
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Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 161, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.08 \[ \int \frac {\csc (c+d x) \sec ^4(c+d x)}{(a+a \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=\frac {\frac {840 \, \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) \right |}\right )}{a^{2}} - \frac {35 \, {\left (12 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - 21 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 11\right )}}{a^{2} {\left (\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - 1\right )}^{3}} + \frac {3780 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{6} + 18585 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{5} + 41755 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{4} + 51730 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} + 37506 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + 14917 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 2671}{a^{2} {\left (\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 1\right )}^{7}}}{840 \, d} \]
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Time = 13.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 169, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.13 \[ \int \frac {\csc (c+d x) \sec ^4(c+d x)}{(a+a \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=\frac {\ln \left (\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\right )}{a^2\,d}-\frac {-4\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^9-6\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^8+8\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^7+28\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^6+\frac {48\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^5}{5}-\frac {344\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^4}{15}-\frac {2216\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^3}{105}+\frac {172\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^2}{35}+\frac {1108\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{105}+\frac {382}{105}}{a^2\,d\,{\left (\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )-1\right )}^3\,{\left (\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )+1\right )}^7} \]
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